Doubt

Casting suspicion on a source's credibility without offering grounds for the suspicion.

What we have recorded

Instances recorded872
Articles containing it806
Share of all recorded techniques1.8%
Average manipulation score where present54.1 (corpus average 45.9)

Outlets where we have recorded it most

Counts reflect the articles we have analyzed, which are not a representative sample of any outlet's output.

Recent examples

rt.com
"Zelensky targeted the former defense minister due to his growing popularity and infighting over lucrative weapons contracts"

Introduces unsubstantiated speculation about Zelensky’s motives for dismissing a minister, suggesting personal and corrupt reasons rather than strategic or policy-based ones. This questions the credibility and integrity of a political leader without presenting evidence, thereby casting doubt on his leadership.

Kiev used virtually all NATO tools against Russia – ex-top general
middleeasteye.net
"international journalists from abandoning their duty to call things what they are"

Questions the credibility and professional integrity of western journalists without providing evidence of intent or systemic failure, implying dereliction of duty as a means of discrediting their reporting.

Israel is not 'testing' its ceasefires. It's violating them
npr.org
"she has dismissed the verdict as legally void"

Highlights Hasina's rejection of the tribunal's decision without providing legal substantiation, implicitly questioning the legitimacy of her stance and casting doubt on her credibility by presenting her dismissal as an assertion rather than a legally grounded position.

Ousted Bangladeshi leader vows to return from exile despite facing a death sentence
rt.com
"US Secretary of War Pete Hegseth dismissed the reports as 'fake news.'"

By labeling credible media reports from Reuters, CNN, NYT, and WSJ as 'fake news' without providing counterevidence, Hegseth questions the credibility of the reporting solely to undermine it, which fits the Doubt technique.

US used ‘virtually all’ its tactical ballistic missiles during war on Iran – Reuters
rt.com
"Budanov is the same Ukrainian official who on several occasions in 2022 and 2023 predicted that Ukraine would retake Crimea; Kiev’s attacks were ultimately bogged down in Russian defenses far from that objective."

Questions Budanov’s credibility by referencing past failed predictions, implying incompetence or unreliability, without engaging with the current argument—thereby undermining his current statements through character attack.

How Zelensky’s 40-day ‘influence operation’ against Russia fell apart
aljazeera.com
"Stevens has faced outrage for suggesting that El-Sayed is anti-Semitic. 'Everyone in America understands you want to blame all of your problems on Jewish Americans,' she wrote in a social media post late on Thursday"

Presents Stevens’ accusation without endorsing it, but frames it as 'outrage' and quotes it in a way that invites readers to doubt her credibility and fairness, undermining her claim without direct refutation.

US Arabs eye ‘historic’ Senate win for Abdul El-Sayed despite AIPAC attacks
breitbart.com
"recommending summer songs to his social media followers as a personal display of priorities"

Questions the credibility and seriousness of Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez by implying he is neglecting his duties during a crisis, without providing evidence of mismanagement, thus undermining his reputation through insinuation rather than argument.

E.U. Vows 'Emergency Meeting' Six Days After Ceuta Illegal Migrant Invasion Began
israelnationalnews.com
"contrary to the claims, the explosive device did not belong to the IDF"

The article quotes the IDF dismissing the Lebanese Armed Forces' claim by asserting its own investigation's findings, thereby casting doubt on the credibility of the LAF's statement without presenting independent verification. This qualifies as 'Doubt' because it undermines the opposing party’s account without evidence beyond self-reporting.

Report: Israel draws red line ahead of Lebanon talks

Other Attack on Reputation techniques

Check an article for doubt and 22 other techniques.

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