Article Summary

This article is not considered a psychological operation. It is straightforward news reporting that describes recent evidence of Russian Kh-101 cruise missiles using decoy flares and other countermeasures during attacks on Ukraine, suggesting ongoing technical upgrades in response to effective Ukrainian air defences. While it focuses on military technology and tactics without mentioning civilian impacts, it relies on observable evidence and reporting from defence analysts to present a technically detailed, neutral account of evolving missile warfare.